Extended essay help
Good Essay Topics For 4Th Graders
Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Personal Sacrifices for Career Success
An extraordinary profession regularly implies that you need to forfeit. There is consistently a give and take that you need to experience so as to get to where you need to go. Regardless of whether you need to work with somebody you don't care for on the grounds that they can get you an association, or carrying out a Responsibility you don't care for in light of the fact that you will one day get elevated to something you do, a decent vocation requires give and take. State the manager requests that you chip away at a Saturday. For what reason would you do It? For what reason would you allow up a day where you could stay in bed, go see a film Toward the evening and afterward go out at night?You do it since taking a shot at Saturday will Impress individuals. It will show that you have a group first demeanor that you will come In when expected to support the organization. You probably won't appreciate working with individuals you don't have the foggiest idea about throughout the day. Th is particularly remains constant for the individuals who don't have extraordinary cleanliness or regard individual space. For what reason do you set up with them? Why not simply disclose to them they smell horrible and get it over with? You shut your mouth since you must be an expert, and you need to get along so as to excel. Proficient penance is additionally why you don't holler and shout at individuals who don't do a DOD job.You don't need others to feel terrible, yet you would prefer not to seem as though you are touchy. This doesn't support anybody, and you can get in a tough situation for it. Regardless of whether you are stating what others are thinking, it despite everything expects you to limit yourself and remain calm. The advancement of your profession is the reason you appear five minutes ahead of schedule to work. It's the reason you go to Buffalo for a vocation when you have been living in San Diego your entire life. Nobody needs to go the nation over when it is a lot simpler to remain where you are upbeat. Nobody needs to get the opportunity to work early when we as a whole realize that work isn't enjoyable.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Opinions of the Renaissance and Reformation
Throughtout the times of Europe's history, society's perspectives on the training of ladies has continually changed. During the Renaissance age, honorable ladies were urged to look for training so they would have the option to carry on scholarly discussions at get-togethers. The Reformation brought assessments which were totally restricted to the thoughts of ladies getting instruction and a great many people felt that ladies shouldn't learn and shape their own suppositions. The seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years showed an improvement in the public eye's perspectives on ladies' training since individuals accepted that working class ladies ought to likewise increase some information so they'd have the option to help their spouses in his exchange. The Renaissance age's perspectives on training were simply associated with honorable ladies and nobody else. Ladies who were underneath the honorable class were not expectd or urged to increase instruction by any means. The ladies who were respectable were urged to increase instruction so they would make their spouses look great and they'd be valuable at parties since they would have the option to associate with other taught individuals. Society saw ladies' capability to learn as equivalent to a man's, yet the ladies were not totally expected to get included or seek after the political or expert occupations that the informed men had. The ladies of the Renaissance's instruction was for the most part for amusement purposes as it were. The Reformation brought assessments which were unmistakably more negative than the perspectives welcomed on from the Renaissance age. Ladies were thought to just be valuable for dealing with kids and completing the obligations of keeping the house clean. Individuals accepted that ladies were likewise truly worked to carry out those responsibilities, so they accepted that God needed them to do just that. Men didn't need ladies to increase any training since they accepted that if ladies framed their own feelings, it would cause disarray. The seventeenth and nineteenth hundreds of years brought out increasingly positive conclusions toward the instruction of ladies contrasted with the assessments of the Renaissance and Reformation. Rather than simply the respectable ladies looking for instruction, white collar class ladies were presently likewise urged to learn. The reasons why the white collar class ladies ought to take in was somewhat not quite the same as why the honorable ladies were urged to adapt however. While it was only for amusement purposes with the honorable ladies, white collar class ladies were urged to adapt so they would have the option to enable their spouses to do the obligations of his exchange. In the event that the spouse was to bite the dust, the lady needed to realize how to assume control over her better half's exchange and proceed with it without him, so she should have been taught. Ladies were not urged to look for information about different things which didn't included the exchange they were engaged with however, yet by the by, the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years widened the extent of instruction for ladies and included more ladies into it. Society's perspectives on the instruction of ladies changed all through the occasions. There still is no reasonable differentiation between the ages and their conclusions in light of the fact that through all the ages, men despite everything didn't see ladies' instruction as being significant. The development of ladies' instruction was likewise not a steady advance towards improvement. It was increasingly similar to a crazy ride; going here and there, changing from positive to negative to positive once more. At long last, everything in the long run showed signs of improvement and prompted the perspectives and assessments on the capacities of ladies that we have today.
Wednesday, August 12, 2020
Methods of Dream Interpretation What Do Dreams Mean
Methods of Dream Interpretation What Do Dreams Mean Sleep and Dreaming Print Dream Interpretation: What Do Dreams Mean? By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on November 29, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on November 29, 2019 More in Psychology Sleep and Dreaming Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Freud Jung Hall Domhoff Popularization Effect of Bias View All Back To Top While many theories exist to explain why we dream, no one yet fully understands their purpose, let alone how to interpret the meaning of dreams. Dreams can be mysterious, but understanding the meaning of our dreams can be downright baffling. Our dreams contents can shift suddenly, feature bizarre elements, or frighten us with terrifying imagery. The fact that dreams can be so rich and compelling is what causes many to believe that there must be some meaning to our dreams. Verywell / Jessica Olah Some prominent researchers such as G. William Domhoff suggest that dreams most likely serve no real purpose.?? Despite this, dream interpretation has become increasingly popular. While research has not demonstrated a purpose for dreams, many experts believe that dreams do have meaning. According to Domhoff: Meaning has to do with coherence and with systematic relations to other variables, and in that regard, dreams do have meaning. Furthermore, they are very revealing of what is on our minds. We have shown that 75 to 100 dreams from a person give us a very good psychological portrait of that individual. Give us 1000 dreams over a couple of decades and we can give you a profile of the persons mind that is almost as individualized and accurate as her or his fingerprints.?? 1:49 7 Theories on Why We Dream Simplified Freud: Dreams as the Road to the Unconscious Mind In his book The Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freud suggested that the content of dreams is related to wish-fulfillment. Freud believed that the manifest content of a dream, or the actual imagery and events of the dream, served to disguise the latent content or the unconscious wishes of the dreamer. Freud also described four elements of this process that he referred to as dream work:?? Condensation â" Many different ideas and concepts are represented within the span of a single dream. Information is condensed into a single thought or image.Displacement â" This element of dream work disguises the emotional meaning of the latent content by confusing the important and insignificant parts of the dream.Symbolization â" This operation also censors the repressed ideas contained in the dream by including objects that are meant to symbolize the latent content of the dream.Secondary Revision â" During this final stage of the dreaming process, Freud suggested that the bizarre elements of the dream are reorganized in order to make the dream comprehensible, thus generating the manifest content of the dream. Freud and Dream Interpretation Jung: Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious While Carl Jung shared some commonalities with Freud, he felt that dreams were more than an expression of repressed wishes. Jung suggested that dreams revealed both the personal and collective unconscious and believed that dreams serve to compensate for parts of the psyche that are underdeveloped in waking life. In contradiction to Jungs assertions, however, later research by Hall revealed that the traits people exhibit while they awake are the same as those expressed in dreams. Jung also suggested that archetypes such as the anima, the shadow, and the animus are often represented symbolic objects or figures in dreams.?? These symbols, he believed, represented attitudes that are repressed by the conscious mind. Unlike Freud, who often suggested that specific symbols represent specific unconscious thoughts, Jung believed that dreams can be highly personal and that interpreting these dreams involved knowing a great deal about the individual dreamer. Hall: Dreams as a Cognitive Process Calvin S. Hall proposed that dreams are part of a cognitive process in which dreams serve as conceptions of elements of our personal lives.?? Hall looked for themes and patterns by analyzing thousands of dream diaries from participants, eventually creating a quantitative coding system that divided whats in our dreams into a number of categories. According to Hallâs theory, interpreting dreams requires knowing: the actions of the dreamer within the dreamthe objects and figures in the dreamthe interactions between the dreamer and the characters in the dreamthe dreamâs setting, transitions, and outcome The ultimate goal of this dream interpretation is not to understand the dream, however, but to understand the dreamer. Domhoff: Dreams as a Reflection of Waking Life G. William Domhoff is a prominent dream researcher who studied with Calvin Hall at the University of Miami. In large-scale studies on the content of dreams, Domhoff has found that dreams reflect the thoughts and concerns of a dreamerâs waking life. Domhoff suggests a neurocognitive model of dreams in which the process of dreaming results from neurological processes and a system of schemas.?? Dream content, he suggests results from these cognitive processes. Popularizing Dream Interpretation Since the 1970s, dream interpretation has grown increasingly popular thanks to work by authors such as Ann Faraday. In books such as The Dream Game, Faraday outlined techniques and ideas than anyone can use to interpret their own dreams. Today, consumers can purchase a wide variety of books that offer dream dictionaries, symbol guides, and tips for interpreting and understanding dreams. Dream research will undoubtedly continue to grow and generate interest from people interested in understanding the meaning of their dreams. However, dream expert G. William Domhoff recommends that ...unless you find your dreams fun, intellectually interesting, or artistically inspiring, then feel free to forget your dreams. Others such as Cartwright and Kaszniak propose that dream interpretation may actually reveal more about the interpreter than it does about the meaning of the dream itself. A Dreams Meaning Might Depend on Your Biases Researchers Carey Morewedge and Michael Norton have studied the dreams of over 1,000 individuals from the United States, India, and South Korea.?? What they discovered is that few of the college students who participated in the research believed that their dreams were simply the brains response to random stimulation. Instead, most endorsed Freuds notion that dreams reveal unconscious wishes and urges. What they also discovered, however, is that the weight and importance people attach to their dreams depend largely on their biases. People are more likely to remember negative dreams if they involve people that they already dislike. They are also more likely to take positive dreams seriously if they involve friends or loved ones. In other words, people are motivated to interpret their dreams in ways that support their already existing beliefs about themselves, the world, and the people around them. The researchers found that such things as the confirmation bias and the self-serving bias even impact how people respond to their own dreams. Because people tend to take their dreams seriously, the researchers suggest, these dreams can also become something of a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you dream that you are going to fail an exam, you might be less motivated to study or even become so stressed out that you perform poorly. Dreams may or may not have meaning but the fact remains that interpreting dreams has become a popular past time. Some people even base major life decisions on the contents of their dreams. 9 Common Dreams and What They Supposedly Mean
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Business Law - 7406 Words
| Question: Search and explain FIVE (5) reported Malaysian cases on the following topics: (i) Incorporation of exclusion or limitation clauses (ii) Construction of exclusion or limitation clausesThe explanation includes the issue and the decision made by the courts in these cases.Students are not allowed to rely on any cases which are found in the lecture materials.(10 marks) | Part A Answer: Exclusion clause is defined as provision in a contract under which one party is protected from being sued by other party for its liabilities are severely restricted. It is also known as limitation clause. Incorporation and construction of exclusion clauses are two types of the exclusion clause. Firstly, incorporation of exclusion clause cannotâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The receipt for the rental of another car too could easily have been marked as an exhibit. The court held that the appellant was able to claim for the costs of repairs at RM3, 630.85; costs of hiring another car for one month at RM1, 790; and costs of engaging an adjuster at RM169. However, the claim for depreciation at 25% was disallowed as there was no evidence to support such a rate of depreciation. Depreciation occurs regardless of whether there has been an accident or not, the only difference is the rate of depreciation which in this case was not proved. Interest on all sums allowed was awarded at 8%p.a. from the date of damage to date of payment. Sekawan Guards Sdn Bhd v Thong Guan Sdn Bhd [1995] 1 MLJ 811(Appendix: page 4), is another case of incorporation of exclusion or limitation clauses. It is a writing contract, the appellant (Sekawan) agreed to provide security services at the premises of the respondent (Thong Guan). A theft occurred at the premises, resulting in the loss of Thong Guans goods. Thong Guan sued Sekawan for breach of contract and, alternatively, negligence. Sekawan relied on an exemption clause in the contract which provided that it was not liable for any loss suffered by Thong Guan unless the loss was solely caused by the negligence of Sekawans employee. Sekawan argued that the loss was in fact caused by theShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law And Ethics : Backoffice Business Brief1862 Words à |à 8 Pages Running head: BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 1 Business Law and Ethics BackOffice Business Brief Patten University BACKOFFICE BUSINESS BRIEF 2 Constitutional Rights and Guarantees BackOffice is a new startup business that will provide potential clients with an application (app) that woul d automate certain business functions. BackOffice will be selling the app to certain business clients that will use it to facilitate their customersââ¬â¢ transactions. It is important that the owner of this companyRead MoreLegal Underpinnings of Business Law Essay609 Words à |à 3 PagesLegal Underpinnings of Business Law OMM 670: Legal Environment February 25, 2013 Legal Underpinnings of Business Law Business | Type of Business | Liability Exposure | Compare | Contrast | Tinkerââ¬â¢s Home Security Service | Sole proprietorship | Unlimited | Monetary rewards are from both the Proprietor amp; business | Sole Liability | Tinker amp; Tailorââ¬â¢s Home Security Service | General partnership | Unlimited | All partners are responsible whether silent or active | If you areRead MoreLaw 531 Business Forms Worksheet1386 Words à |à 6 Pagesï » ¿University of Phoenix Material Business Forms Worksheet There are seven forms of business: sole proprietorship, partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company (including the single member LLC), S Corporation, Franchise, and Corporation. 1. Research and provide three advantages and three disadvantages for each business form. 2. Provide a 100- to 200-word summary in which you provide an example business that you would start for each form. What is legally necessary toRead MoreBusiness Law3143 Words à |à 13 Pages2012 ââ¬â OCTOBER SEMESTER 2012 STUDENT NAME: CHU THI HONG TUYEN ID No.: 2448481 BMLW5103 ââ¬â BUSINESS LAW ASSIGNMENT Question 1 Discuss the enforceability of an agreement which lacks consideration. Using legal authorities (relevant statutes and cases) to support your discussion. Answer: A valid contract is an agreement made between two or more parties that creates rights and obligations that are enforced by law. What does the consideration mean? And what does it effect to the agreement? ConsiderationRead MoreBusiness Law : Labor And Employment Law891 Words à |à 4 PagesBusiness Law: Labor and Employment Law Each and every day business throughout the United States are met with challenging situations that are centered around labor and employment law. As the director of human resources for Company X, I have been tasked with analyzing three situations that may or may not violate any federal acts. The federal acts that will be considered are the Family Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA), and the Americans withRead MoreBusiness Law762 Words à |à 4 PagesB Bai 1 : Business Law: 40. Principle of Law: In this case, Esposito hired Excel Construction Company to repair a porch roof. All terms of the agreement were specified in a written contract. And the dispute occurred when Excel had repaired the rear porch roof because in the agreement failed to specify whether it was the front or rear porch that needed repair. Under civil law, two parties here had signed a civil contract in writing. Because the contract failed to specify clearly front or rearRead MoreBusiness Law Development Of Mongolia2212 Words à |à 9 PagesCourse Paper Myagmarsuren Jargal International American University BUS 540: Business Law for Managers Flavia LLoyd June 28, 2015 Business Law Development Issues in Mongolia Mongolia is a developing country, which is encountering challenges to develop modern business law. During the twentieth century, Mongolia had been a socialist country and developed almost fifty years of non-private property regime. However, the end of the twentieth century, the country changed its regime to democraticRead MoreBusiness Law1345 Words à |à 6 PagesQn 1: Whether James can hold the Happy Holiday Hotel for the loss of his property under the common law? The issue of this case will be whether James can hold Happy Holiday Hotel responsible for the loss of his property notwithstanding the exemption clause found in the hotel rooms. Under the Exemption Clauses in Common Law, it states that in order for this clause to be valid, the clause must be included in the contract when the contract is made. If there is any attempt to include it in after theRead MoreBusiness Law1088 Words à |à 5 Pagesconditional constitute consideration? Yes, such a promise consideration even if the condition is unlikely to occur. 3. What is the general rule about the adequacy of consideration? The adequacy of the consideration is irrelevant because the law does not prohibit bargains. 5. Is there consideration when a secured note for a lesser amount is given and accepted in discharge of an unsecured note for a greater amount? Explain. No, because if a secured not for a lesser amount is given andRead MoreBusiness Law2474 Words à |à 10 Pagesnature of liability in negligence amp; (3.3) Explain how a business can be vicariously liable 4 (4.1) Apply the elements of the tort of negligence and defences in the above different business situations for the legal officer who is assigned to VJSC amp; (4.2) Apply the elements of vicarious liability in above different business situations for the legal officer who is assigned to VJSC 8 Conclusion 11 References 12 Introduction Law plays important roles to protect benefits, obligations and
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Essay about Literature Review - 2047 Words
Coleman Literature Review 1 Literature Review Convicted Felons: Should they be allowed to vote? Writing II Professor: Melissa Piumelli Coleman Literature Review 2 Introduction: The term disenfranchisement or taking away a criminals right to vote, has been around since ancient Greece and Rome Eras. In Europe, a condition called ââ¬Å"civil deathâ⬠involves the forfeiture of property, the loss of the right to appear in court and a prohibition on entering into contracts, as well as loss of voting rights. Convicted felons ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Some felons even after release suffered from the aftermath resulting from a previous arrest because they are not sure what rights they do hold after an imprisonment, such as Eric Willem from Roseau County, Minnesota. Eric Stephen Willemââ¬â¢s, who was 25 at the time and had been a convicted felon since the year of 2004. Unfortunately, for Willemââ¬â¢s who was voting for the fourth time, it was an additional felony to be voting, according to Roseau County Attorneyââ¬â¢s Office. This sent Willem back to the place where he did not want to be, jail, for an additional year. Back in 2005, this probl em was at the top of the agenda for H. Clinton and J. Kerry who were trying to boost votes for the Democrats. After election defeat in 2005, Democrats mend their ways by emphasizing moral values. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton and John Kerry introduce the Count Every Vote Act, which she claims is ââ¬Å"critical to restoring Americaââ¬â¢s faith in our voting system.â⬠Also to be added to the Act, a provision to ensure that votingShow MoreRelatedEssay Literature Review1001 Words à |à 5 PagesLiterature Review The purpose of this research project is for you to create a scholarly piece of graduate-level research and writing, which conforms to APA format. Competency in the APA format is required of all Business graduates of Liberty University, as set forth by policy of both the Graduate Faculty and the administration. You will research and write a literature review on a topic relevant to our course. What is a Literature Review? ââ¬Å"A literature review discusses published informationRead MoreNarrative Literature Reviews1589 Words à |à 7 PagesNarrative literature reviews Introduction n A literature review is a comprehensive study and interpretation of the work that has been published on a particular topic n A literature review should convey the knowledge and ideas that have been established on a topic and their strengths and limitations Why undertake a literature review? n To provide a review of the current knowledge in a particular field n Provide a description of research studies n Identify gaps in current knowledge n Identify emergingRead MoreImportance And Characteristics Of Literature Reviews1615 Words à |à 7 PagesImportance and Characteristics of Literature Reviews A literature review examines existing research that is important to the work that you want to do. Literature reviews provide important background information and details about a specific research topic. Providing background information can help to demonstrate the importance of a topic, and can help to establish understanding of a subject or issue. An effective literature review also provides a space to elaborate on future work to be done on aRead MoreHrd Audit Literature Review683 Words à |à 3 PagesLiterature Review If you believe everything you read, better not read. (Japanese Proverb) [pic] What is a literature review? A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic in the past. Its purpose is to inform the reader what has been established about a topic and what the strengths and weaknesses are. A literature review must be defined by a guiding concept and should not be a list of all the material that you can find (Porter, S. 2008, p.49). What isRead MoreA Literature Review : The Walden University Library Essay1070 Words à |à 5 PagesA literature review is an interpretation of arrays of circulating articles written by the scholar-authorsââ¬â¢ of researchers related to several topics. A literature search for evidence-based research can be overpowering. The Walden University library illuminates on the superlative quality of evidence-based research and which databases to utilize with research searches. Filtered resources are the superlative quality of studies related to evidence-based practice and encompasses systemic reviews, criticallyRead MoreThe Impact Of Telemedicine On Health, A Systematic Literature Review1530 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction To evaluate and study the impact of telemedicine in health, a systematic literature review was conducted. An electronic research through the University of Maryland library was done the articles selected dated from 2000 to 2014. A total of 12 articles was reviewed that dealt with clinical outcomes, efficacy, patient and provider satisfaction. Telemedicine as an emerging field can greatly improve the outcomes of healthcare thus resulting in decrease the delivery cost of healthcare. WhileRead MoreLiterature Review : The Class Collage By Jeff Sommers1503 Words à |à 7 Pagesexploitationâ⬠by Matt Zwolinski is about the ethical questions that are raised about the moral claim of the conditions in sweatshop that are accepted by choice and exploited for gains. These two peered review articles both shows some common similarity and a minute different between the two Identification Both peer-review articles use MLA citation. They both have a lengthy work cited pages/ references at the end of the article. The citations are alphabetically put in order and the citation itself is shown byRead MoreReview Of Formative Fictions : Imaginative Literature And The Training Of The Capacities `` Essay2185 Words à |à 9 PagesNayiri Khatchadourian HNRS 63W Prof. Bruce Stone 6 June 2017 The Consequence of Reading Fiction In his essay â⬠Formative Fictions: Imaginative Literature and the Training of the Capacitiesâ⬠, Joshua Landy, professor at Stanford University, aims to explain the function of fiction and the reward of our engagement with literary works. Landy highlights three theories of the function of fiction: the exemplary branch, which invites the reader to consider characters as models for emulation or avoidance,Read MoreReview Of Literature Review On Literature Essay2370 Words à |à 10 PagesChapter - 4. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Literature survey is undertaken to study and analyze the finding of other researcher in their studies that are related to the subject under consideration. A research literature review, as a process, is a systematic, explicit, and reproducible method for identifying, evaluating and synthesizing the existing body of completed and recorded work produced by researchers, scholars and practitioners (Fink, 2010). As a noun, literature review is an organizedRead MoreLiterature Review793 Words à |à 4 PagesU02a1 Building Your Literature Review Plan: Part One - Sheila Darden The plan to collect and organize literature that explains the history of retention starts with the collections of scholarly, peer reviewed articles that provide insight to the history of retention. The literature will be organized alphabetically at first then to gain a better insight into the history of retention the collections of scholarly, peer review articles will be organized according to the date they were published. The
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Republican Viewpoints on National Healthcare Free Essays
string(78) " favor abolishing all public options which would presumably include Medicare\." Republican Views Towards Healthcare Reform From the Republican viewpoint, any form of nationalized or partially nationalized universal healthcare is unacceptable. Any public delivery system will limit ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ free enterprise and thus violates our form of government. It will increase taxes and the overall cost of healthcare. We will write a custom essay sample on Republican Viewpoints on National Healthcare or any similar topic only for you Order Now Publicly delivered health care will cause the quality of care to go down by directly hindering the quantity of healthcare providers as well as the quality of care rendered by remaining healthcare providers. Republicans oppose a universal public health care delivery system primarily because of profit ââ¬â free trade ââ¬â constitutional issues, fiscal issues and quality of care issues. Further government meddling in the private practice of medicine and healthcare will be detrimental to many Americans. In the 1990ââ¬â¢s, universal nationalized healthcare was proposed by the Clinton administration. The proposed law failed due to the fact that the Republican Party had gained control of the house and senate for the first time in over fifty years. During the 2008 presidential election, one of President Obamaââ¬â¢s primary campaign promises was universal healthcare. The proposal has created a new national debate on the pros and cons of a universal healthcare system. Proposals from the House and Senate vary greatly and will have to be reconciled during the legislative reconciliation process. Interestingly, both parties favor some form of health care insurance reform but the concept of universal coverage offered through a single public payer or both private and public payer options has generated controversy. Republicans have adamantly opposed the public option because it alters the free enterprise ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ healthcare system currently and traditionally in existence in the Untied States. The public option will radically alter the environment of the core constituency of the Republican Party. Looking at the constituency of the Republican Party, there are certain positions that the Republicans should put forward on the national healthcare debate to best represent the partyââ¬â¢s core constituents. Traditionally, private practice physicians, ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ hospitals and pharmaceutical manufacturers have been a core constituency of the Republican Party. The Huffington Post recently pointed out doctorsââ¬â¢ traditional opposition to any form of expanded government health care or socialized medicine. ââ¬Å"[The] AMA (American Medical Association) has fought almost every major effort at health care reform of the last 70 years. The groupââ¬â¢s reputation on this matter is so notorious that historians pinpoint it with creating the ominous sounding phrase ââ¬Ësocialized medicineââ¬â¢ in the early decades of the 1900s. The AMA used it to mean any kind of proposal that involved an increased role for the government in the health care system. (The Huffington Post) The American Medical Association has gone on record as opposing various provisions of the Houseââ¬â¢s current health care reform bill. Doctors, particularly private practice physicians, have long complained about any form of socialized medicine because they know it will substantially reduce the economic viability of the practice. Likewise, for-profit hospitals have a long history of opposing any form of socialized medicine. The American Hospital Association recently put out a formal statement on the house version of health care reform. Specifically, expanding the number of people in Medicaid program to 150 percent of the poverty level is problematic at a time when states are struggling with budget shortfalls and payment rates for hospitals continue to be cut. While a public option with negotiated rates for those above 150 percent of the poverty level is an improvement, we remain concerned that the program would still, in part, be based on historically low Medicare rates. â⬠(Umbenstock) The American Hospital Association is concerned that any healthcare reform with an expanded public option may lower ââ¬Ëalreadyââ¬â¢ low payment rates. Moreover, the American Hospital Association is also concerned that payment rates under an expanded public option will be based on previously minimal Medicare rates. For this reason, for profit hospitals have long lobbied for and sided with the Republican Party knowing that their profitability and ability to compete will be eventually dissolved if the pending ââ¬Ëpublic optionââ¬â¢ is passed. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers have been a traditional core constituency of the Republican Party because of the Partyââ¬â¢s past opposition to any form of nationalized or socialized medicine. The primary trade group for pharmaceutical manufacturers has also put forth a statement on the house health care reform bill. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of American (PhRMA) policy statement says: ââ¬Å"The 1,990-page House draft bill, which we are currently reviewing, contains a number of problematic provisions for seniors, patients, and the continued development of new therapies that not only improve or save lives, but ultimately help reduce the burden of health care costs in Americaâ⬠(Johnson). Democrats have long vilified Pharmaceutical companies for their ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ business practices and commercial interests. Thus, Pharmaceutical companies are one of the largest campaign donors to the Republican Party. Many portions of the currently proposed bill will dramatically limit their profit and therefore their ability to participate in and compete with new health care products. Universal health care is inconsistent with the traditional American private, for profit, free enterprise system based health care business model. From a physicianââ¬â¢s perspective, a system of universal health care could be compared to indentured servitude. The government would be in complete control of whom the physician treats, what modalities they use to treat the patient, and how much they are paid. Moreover, for the individual health care worker, limiting or mandating the service contracts would limit the workers freedom to do business in a free market. The New England Journal of Medicine recently conducted a survey of physician views on new public insurance option and Medicare expansion. The survey was a statistically randomized sampling based on 5,157-physician questionnaire responses. The survey presented three methods of expanding coverage, including expanding the current public provider Medicare along with private options, private options only and public options only. Ninety-two percent of private practice physicians (practice owners) oppose socializing all health care into one single public option. Thirty-two percent of private practice physicians (practice owners) favor abolishing all public options which would presumably include Medicare. You read "Republican Viewpoints on National Healthcare" in category "Papers" Over half of all of the physicians in the study favored expanding care through private options and the, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ expansion of Medicare to include adults between the ages of 55 and 64 yearsâ⬠(Keyhani). The randomized physician survey demonstrates that physicians are extremely skeptical of any public option beyond expanding Medicare. Physicians fear a public option will reduce their personal income as well as their ability to recommend and deliver a full range of medical services. Physicians are well aware of the longstanding low Medicare reimbursement rates and limitations of coverage. Physicians do not want to see more of the same with a public option that will further lower the amount paid for care and limit the amount of care that the government will pay, despite a patientââ¬â¢s actual medical needs. Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ hospitals also are strongly concerned that any public option beyond a slight expansion of Medicare will effectively put them out of business. PhRMA says that, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has warned that the House bill â⬠¦ would ultimately lead to a 20 percent increase in Part D premiums paid by beneficiaries. Whatââ¬â¢s more, according to CBO, imposing a mandatory rebate on Part D prescription drugs would reduce incentives to invest in the research and development of new discoveries for diseasesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Johnson) Simply put, pharmaceutical manufacturers will not invest if it is not profitable. For-profit hospitals are also concerned that a public option will ultimately translate to less coverage and lower reimbursement rates. The American Hospital Association, which has over 5000 member hospitals, has stated that the bill will further cut reimbursement rates. ââ¬Å"AHAâ⬠) The current bill also specifically restricts physicians from owning hospitals and referring their office patients to their own hospitals. This directly affects their profit as well as raising free enterprise and trade issues. Historically and culturally, the United States health care system has been based on a ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ private enterprise. The public option puts government in what has tradi tionally been a private ââ¬Ëfor profitââ¬â¢ enterprise. Just fifty years ago, Americans would have screamed communism at the concept of national socialized medicine. In 1961 when the idea of Medicare came along American Medical Association spoke out against it through Ronald Reagan. Reagan said: ââ¬Å"One of the traditional methods of imposing state-ism or socialism on a people has been through medicine. It is very easy to disguise a medical program as a humanitarian project. Most people are reluctant to oppose anything that suggests medical care for people who possibly canââ¬â¢t afford it. â⬠(The Huffington Post). Essentially, he was stating that the most common way of inflicting socialism is through a government run healthcare. Legally, restrictions that limit the free market may be interpreted as a violation of the constitution. The American Bar Association states, ââ¬Å"Whatever President Obama and the Congress decide to do with health care reform, they must do within the constitutional limits off their respective branch ââ¬â and our nationââ¬â¢s courts will ensure that those limits are respectedâ⬠(Lamm). Although health care insurance companies are not subject to antitrust (monopoly) laws as state laws govern them, a ederal option, which is included with universal health care, may create unfair competition and violate anti trust laws as well as the commerce clause of the constitution. Interestingly, the proposed bill mandates that every American must pay a tax for ââ¬Ëfreeââ¬â¢ health insurance even Americans that donââ¬â¢t want health insurance coverage. The Wall Street Journal says that, ââ¬Å"the requirement in the plan laid out by Max Baucus, that every American have health in surance, makes current proposals unconstitutional. Not just unconstitutional, mind you, but profoundly unconstitutionalâ⬠(Jones). Republicans must do all in their power to preserve constitutional rights that will be affected by a public healthcare option. The way that national health care is set up could be financially damaging if the bill, H. R. -676, were to be passed. As Avery Johnson states in the Wall street Journal, ââ¬Å"TennCare runway costs show that the public health-insurance proposal by House Democrats could bankrupt the federal government. â⬠(Johnson, ââ¬Å"Tennesseeâ⬠). Tennesseeââ¬â¢s arranged a public insurance program that was similar to a statewide health care to insure those without insurance. It started in 1994 and by 2005 Tennessee was forced to shut the program down due to high expenses. Basically, Tennessee tried to have a statewide health insurance system similar to national health care and they went bankrupt. This is a reasonable model of what would happen on a more widespread scale. There are multiple financial reasons that cause a universal health care system to not work. To achieve the amount of money to make it possible to have a universal health care system there are many sacrifices that must be made. Payroll tax, which is a 7% social security tax that we pay when we buy something, will go up. Income tax will also go up dramatically, affecting many lives. In fact, there may have to be new taxes set into place just to be able to maintain the universal healthcare or the required payments will go down. This will in turn affect the doctors by decreasing incentive. Another factor that will affect their incentive is coverage benefits. Coverage benefits will be decreased as a result of universal healthcare. For example, insurance will not cover elective care treatments, such as breast augmentations, cosmetics, chiropractics, etc. Payment to the specialists, such as brain surgeons, heart surgeons, etc. , will be lowered dramatically. Progression in the field of medicine will dwindle due to a lack of money for clinical research. A physician to learn more about a procedure or to experiment usually does clinical research. It takes a lot of money and time and is not funded by the government; it comes from the physicianââ¬â¢s pocket. If the physicianââ¬â¢s pay lowers by so much they will not be able to do research. All of this will lead to a diminishing rate of medical progression that may ultimately come to an absolute halt. Furthermore the government will provide us, if the bill passes, with inexpensive generic drugs. This will cause the name brand companies to lose customers and money and will prevent them from developing any new prescription medicine. When funding inevitably runs low, rationing of people will begin to occur. Old people wonââ¬â¢t get care because they are old, and smokers wonââ¬â¢t get lung surgery because they are smokers. This rationing is unethical in many different ways but would be unavoidable. Even more unethical, is that insidious rationing, that happens in Canada, would come into play. Insidious rationing is ââ¬Ëhidden rationingââ¬â¢ where, for example, a cancer patient would wait for treatment because they were about to die. The cancer patient would wait long enough that death occurred before the needed chemotherapy. Sadly, this often occurs in Canada, due to their system of universal health care. If this happens in the United States, it would be too late to take back the legislation. However, if properly informed, there would be less supporters of the health care bill because the general populace would be unwilling to commit to a plan that denied them needed coverage. Likewise, instituting torte form will partly generate expenses for this costly health plan. This is a lawsuit cap used in some other countries. If a drunken doctor accidentally cuts a healthy patientââ¬â¢s leg off, the doctor will only be able to be sued for a low set amount of money. This will save the government a minute amount of money that would be used to support everybodyââ¬â¢s health care, while that patient would be handicapped forever without adequate compensation. Even so, Tim Foley has stated ââ¬Å"the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office in 2004 conceded that the legislation for tort reform, even if it instituted a federal cap, would barely dent health care costsâ⬠(Foley). The cause and effect impact on health care worker profitability including nurse pay, private practice physician pay, for profit hospitals, for profit health care insuring systems, pharmaceutical companies and other health care workers and entities will be enormous. No doubt lawyers will litigate for years the constitutionality of various healthcare reform provisions. Another concern from the Republican viewpoint is the fiscal issue of how to pay for either universal health care or a public option. Simply put, where will the money come from to pay for healthcare particularly given the current economic crisis? Next, how will a universal public option effect access to care, quality of care and cost of care. As the financial aid towards funding universal health care bottoms out, the quality and accessibility of health care would go down. With government in control of health care and providing insurance for all they will have less money to spend on better quality hospitals. In the TennCare experiment it showed before and after pictures of the work places that were used. Hospitals had turned into rundown trailers barely big enough for an examination room with outdated computers and equipment. Lowering the Quality of facilities means the lowering of quality of care given to the patients thereby increasing the number of people who go to a doctor and are unable to receive quality treatment. Thus quality of life becomes worse, and one would hope proper treatment came quickly enough to evade more serious conditions and/or death. Access to patients is denied as the quality and quantity of health care providers is decreased by the inadequate organization and funding of a public option. One such thing noted about doctors faced with a decision to participate in a public option is that ââ¬Å"â⬠¦often the ones who care for our most vulnerable patients are the most severely impacted. In communities across this nation, physicians are faced with early retirement or leaving patients that need them. The bottom line: access to care is compromised. â⬠(ââ¬Å"AHAâ⬠). The Health Care Associations of America view this is as a topic of controversy that would indeed change lives greatly. Many associations including the American Hospital Association, American Heart Association, and even the American Bar Association have spoke out against health care reform including universal health care and a public option. In Conclusion, the Republican Party views the aspects of a system of universal healthcare from a cynical viewpoint. It seems that free healthcare is to good to be true and they say it is. Universal healthcare or a public option is unconstitutional by violation of the free enterprise system. With the economy in its current recession it is believed, by reforming ealthcare, the government will financially cripple the United States permanently. Also, almost like reverting back to a primitive state, quality of care and the access thereof could decline to unbearable standards. Now the republicans uphold the struggle against any bill passing through senate. Works Cited ââ¬Å"AHA : Issues : Liability Reform. â⬠American Hospital Association. American Hospital Associ ation, 15 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Foley, Tim. ââ¬Å"Avoid Tort Reform in the Health Care Bill at All Costs! | Universal Health Care | Change. org. â⬠Universal Health Care | Change. rg. 17 Mar. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . ââ¬Å"GOP Health Care Talking Points. â⬠GOP. gov ââ¬â The Website of Republicans in Congress. N. p. , 11 May 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Huffington Post, The. ââ¬Å"American Medical Association Trying To Torpedo Health Care Reform Again. â⬠http://www. huffingtonpost. com/. N. p. , 11 June 2009. Web. 28 Oct. 2009. . Johnson, Ken. ââ¬Å"PHRMA ââ¬â PhRMA Statement on House Tri-Committee Health Reform Bill. â⬠PHRMA ââ¬â Home. N. p. , 14 July 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Jones, Ashby. â⬠Is Health-Care Reform Unconstitutional (Part II) ââ¬â Law Blog ââ¬â WSJ. WSJ Blogs ââ¬â WSJ. The Wall Street Journal, 18 Sept. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . JOHNSON, AVERY. ââ¬Å"Tennessee Experimentââ¬â¢s High Cost Fuels Health-Care De bate ââ¬â WSJ. com. â⬠Business News Financial News ââ¬â The Wall Street Journal ââ¬â WSJ. com. 17 Aug. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . Keyhani, Salomeh , and Alex Federman. ââ¬Å"NEJM ââ¬â Doctors on Coverage ââ¬â Physiciansââ¬â¢ Views on a New Public Insurance Option and Medicare Expansion. â⬠The New England Journal of Medicine: Research Review Articles on Diseases Clinical Practice. N. p. , 1 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Lamm, Carolyn. Our Constitution, Debate it, Discuss it, Understand it. â⬠ABAnow. N. p. , 16 Sept. 2009. Web. 27 Oct. 2009. . McArdle, Megan. ââ¬Å"Why I Oppose National Health Care ââ¬â The Atlantic Business Channel. â⬠The Atlantic Business Channel. 28 July 2009. 29 Oct. 2009 . ââ¬Å"National health insurance ââ¬â Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. â⬠Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 6 Oct. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . Shear, Michael D.. ââ¬Å"Obama Pushes Insurance Reforms ââ¬â washingtonpost. com. â⬠was hingtonpost. com ââ¬â nation, world, technology and Washington area news and headlines. 15 Aug. 2009. 8 Oct. 2009 . Umbenstock, Rich. ââ¬Å"AHA : Press Release : AHA Statement on House Health Reform Proposal. â⬠American Hospital Association. American Hospital Association, 29 Oct. 2009. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. . Time Magazine. ââ¬Å"Medicine: Debate Over National Health Insurance ââ¬â TIME. â⬠Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews ââ¬â TIME. com. 12 Oct. 1970. 28 Oct. 2009 . Wall Street Journal. ââ¬Å"The Public Option Makes a Comeback ââ¬â WSJ. com. â⬠Business News Financial News ââ¬â The Wall Street Journal ââ¬â WSJ. com. 22 Oct. 2009. 28 Oct. 2009 . How to cite Republican Viewpoints on National Healthcare, Papers
Sunday, May 3, 2020
Teenagers and Use of Social Media â⬠Free Samples to Students
Question: Discuss about the Teenagers and Use of Social Media. Answer: Introduction: Social media is addictive precisely because it gives us something which the real world lacks: it gives us immediacy, direction, a sense of clarity and value as an individual. The above quoted lines of David Amerland from his famous work The Social Media Mind: How social media how social media is changing business, politics and science and helps create a new world order clearly outline the reason for the excessive use of the various social media platform by the teenagers and others. Furthermore, in the opinion of Woody Allen, Technology has made us Gods even before we deserve to call ourselves human beings. This particular statement of the famous director speaks volumes about the ill effects of the excessive over-reliance on the use of technology. Therefore, it is often seen that the parents try to control the usage of the various social media platforms of their kids. It is to be noted that this particular attitude is adopted by the parents in a bid to protect them from the ill effects of the excessive usage of the various social media platforms (Sponcil and Priscilla 4:1). This paper intends to shed light on the question whether the parents should limit t he usage of the various social media platforms by their kids. This particular article written by the authors Madden, Lenhart, Cortesi, Gasser, Duggan, Smith and Beaton was published in the Pew Research Center in the year 2013. This particular article intends to provide an overview of the usage of the various social media platforms by the teenagers and also its ill effects. The article also raises the question of privacy and how it is denied to the teenagers by the excessive usage of the various platforms of the social media (Madden 21:2-86). The authors conducted a thorough research between the years 2006 to 2012 to arrive at the conclusion that the teenagers in the present age are sharing more amount of information over the various social media platforms than they used to do in the earlier times (Madden 21:2-86). According to the article, 24% of online teens use Twitter, up from 16% in 2011. The typical (median) teen Facebook user has 300 friends, while the typical teen Twitter user has 79 followers (Madden 21:2-86). This might be a reflection of various factors like the need to eradicate boredom, to connect with friends and people from different parts of the world and others. However, it is often seen that there are various ill effects associated with the process of the excessive usage of social media as well. It is often see that the teenagers addicted to the social media are more likely to respond to the positive experiences rather than the negative ones. However, it is seen that recent researches suggest that the excessive usage of the social media have adverse effects on the psychology as well as the physical health of the teenagers and adolescents as well. Therefore, the various parents often try to curb the usage of social media of their children. This particular research material can be used by the various people to create awareness among the various parents and other people about the addictive as well as the ill effects of the excessive usage of the various platforms related to the social media. Moreover, this research can indicate that the excessive usage of the social media reduces the privacy in the lives of teenagers which forms an important part of their lives. The present scenario where most of the teenagers are addicted to the use of social media offers a very fertile ground to prove the facts derived by these authors. It is to be noted that the results derived by these authors can be synthesized with the other researches and their findings to create awareness among the teenagers about the ill effects of the usage of social media. The most important part of the research which has been selected is the fact that the research uses statistics to prove the hypotheses which they state during the course of the article. This particular article was written was Madden, Lenhart, Cortesi, Gasser, Duggan, Smith and Beaton who have a part of the Pew Internet Project for a long time. It is to be noted that there findings have raised much awareness about the ill effects of the usage of social media. The article states that Teen Twitter use has grown significantly: 24% of online teens use Twitter, up from 16% in 2011 and 74% of teen social media users have deleted people from their network or friends list (Madden 21:2-86). This article data clearly indicates the increase in the usage of social media among the teens and also the problems which entails with it. The only thing that is weak about the article is that the authors have restricted themselves just to finding the ill-effects of the usage of social media and does not provide any remedial measures. This particular article written by Strasburger in the year 2013 and published in the journal Pediatrics intends to give an overview of the harmful effects of the excessive usage of the various platforms of the social media. According to the article there was a time when the children used to be addicted to the media platform of television however in the recent times the trend has changed and now they have become addicted to the various platforms related to the social media (Strasburger 132: 958-961). As per a study conducted by the American Academy of Pediatrics, potential harmful effects of media messages and images has become a major problem for the various parents who are worried about the physical as well as the metal well being of their children due to their excessive use of the various platforms related to the social media (Bolton et al. 24: 245-267). Therefore, the article suggests that the various schools, parents and others take into consideration these factors and device app ropriate strategies to counteract them. It is significant to note that this particular article tries to evaluate the harmful effects of the excessive usage of the social media and tries to provide effective solutions to them. Therefore, it would not be too far-fetched to say that this particular research can be utilized by the various present day scholars as well as researchers to combat the harmful effects of the excessive usage of the platforms related to the social media. It is to be noted that this particular research can be synthesized with the current findings of other research to arrive at better results. The most important fact about the research which has been chosen is that unlike other researches which focus just on the harmful effects of the excessive usage of social media this particular research provides some solutions as well about how to curb the harmful effects of the excessive usage of social media. This particular article was written by Strasburger, who is one of the most eminent pediatrics of the world at the moment. The author states that the average 8- to 10-year-old spends nearly 8 hours a day with a variety of different media and teenagers 13 through 17 years of age sent an average of 3364 texts per month (Strasburger 132: 958-961). This particular data provided by the author can be utilized for further researches. This particular data provided by the author means that the present day teenagers are growing more reliant on the various forms of social media and thereby losing touch with the physical world. The only weak point about the article is that the article delves too much on the pediatric treatment and does not provide general solutions to the problem concerned. This particular paper was written by Perrin in the year 2015 and published in the Pew Research Center. This particular paper intends to provide an overview of the increasing usage of the various platforms related to the social media and the way it is affecting the lives of the teenagers and the adolescents as well. It is to be noted that according to the author the usage of the social media has increased by almost 65% in the present times and this is likely to affect not only the various teenagers but the adolescents as well (Lau 68: 286-291). According to the article the excessive usage of the various social media platforms has affected such things as work, politics and political deliberation, communications patterns around the globe, as well as the way people get and share information about health, civic life, news consumption, communities, teenage life, parenting, dating and even peoples level of stress (Perrin 1-12). It is to be noted that the findings of this particular article can be used for further researches and also for evaluating the harmful effects which the excessive usage of social media entails with itself. The findings of this particular research can be validated by using data from the real life experiences. It is to be noted that the findings of this particular research can be incorporated in other researches as well which try to study the harmful effects of the excessive usage of social media. The most important fact about this particular research is that the study gives an overview of the social media usage not only related to the teens but the adults as well. This article was written by Perrin, one of the most eminent members of the Pew Research Center. The specific data which can be used for further research are nearly two-thirds of American adults (65%) use social networking sites and young adults (ages 18 to 29) are the most likely to use social media fully 90% do (Perrin 1-12 ). This data suggests that the use of the various platforms of social media is on the rise not only among the teenagers as well as the adolescents. Therefore, along with the increased use of the social media the harmful effects will also follow. The only thing which is weak about the research is that the research covers only the problems related to the United States of America and does not provide a broader worldwide perspective. Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes that along with the increased use of the various platforms of social media the problems related to the excessive use of social media have also increased. Therefore, the parents need to limit the excessive use of social media among the kids in a bid to protect them from its harmful effects. References Bolton, Ruth N., et al. "Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda."Journal of service management24.3 (2013): 245-267. Lau, Wilfred WF. "Effects of social media usage and social media multitasking on the academic performance of university students."Computers in human behavior68 (2017): 286-291. Madden, Mary, et al. "Teens, social media, and privacy."Pew Research Center21 (2013): 2-86. Perrin, Andrew. "Social media usage."Pew research center(2015). Sponcil, Megan, and Priscilla Gitimu. "Use of social media by college students: Relationship to communication and self-concept."Journal of Technology Research4 (2013): 1. Strasburger, Victor C., et al. "Children, adolescents, and the media."Pediatrics132.5 (2013): 958-961.
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